Neonatal Intensive Care Unit: What to Expect when your baby is in the NICU

The Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) is a specialized area in the hospital that provides medical care for newborns who need extra attention, whether due to premature birth, low birth weight, or medical conditions requiring specialized care.

Being a NICU parent can be an emotional journey. You’ll experience a wide range of emotions, from anxiety to hope. However, the NICU team is there to provide support, to involve you in the care of your baby and help you understand your baby's progress. Expect to see advanced medical equipment, hear sounds of alarms, engage with your baby’s health care team for regular updates, being invited to participate in medical rounds and spend time bonding with your baby through touch and care. You are not a visitor. You are the most important person on your baby’s care team.

Babies born prematurely (before 37 weeks), babies with low birth weight, or those experiencing breathing problems, infections, or congenital conditions may be admitted to the NICU. The medical team will closely monitor your baby and provide specialized care based on their needs.

Your baby will be cared for by a dedicated team of healthcare professionals, including:

• Neonatologists (doctors specialized in newborn care)

• Neonatal Nurses (nurses with specialized training in newborn care)

• Neonatal Nurse Practitioner

• Respiratory Therapists (RT)

• Nutritionists

• Physical and Occupational Therapists

• Lactation Consultants

The NICU has specific visitation rules to ensure the safety and health of all babies. Typically, extended family members and friends can visit, and some units may have age restrictions for siblings. Be sure to check with your hospital for their specific NICU policies, especially around flu season or during a pandemic.

In the NICU, your baby will be connected to different machines and monitors. These may include:

• Incubators to maintain body temperature

• Ventilators to help with breathing

• Monitors to track heart rate, oxygen levels, and other vital signs

• Feeding Tubes for babies who are not ready to feed by mouth Your NICU team will explain how each piece of equipment helps support your baby’s health.

Family involvement is encouraged in all NICUs and special nurseries, and you can be engaged in several ways:

• Kangaroo Care (skin-to-skin contact)

• Assisting with Feedings through a tube

• Participating in daily care routines such as diaper changes, taking temperature and baths

• Staying informed and advocating for your baby’s care The NICU team will provide guidance on how to best support your baby during their stay.

• Participate in Medical Rounds – this will help you understand your baby’s progress and set goals together.

• Pumping.

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By knowing what to expect and staying involved in your baby's care, you can make this challenging time feel more manageable and comforting. The NICU team is there to support both your baby and your family, every step of the way.

If you are navigating the journey of having a premature baby, we want you to know that you're not alone. We understand the challenges and emotions that come with this experience, and we're here to support you every step of the way. Our community is built on compassion, understanding, and shared experiences. Whether you need resources, guidance, or just a listening ear, we are here for you. Together, we can provide the care and support you and your little one needs to thrive.